Bynum, T. (2005). Norbert Wiener’s Vision: The Impact of ‘the Automatic Age’ on Our Moral Lives. [online] Available at: https://www.cs.ox.ac.uk/activities/ieg/e-library/bynum.pdf [Accessed 28 Nov. 2025]. contains quote ‘Wiener suggested that union leaders, business managers, and public policy makers should plan ahead… Instead of decreasing the responsibility of planners and organizers, we shall greatly increase them’.
Gage, J. (2021). ‘He touched a nerve’: how the first piece of AI music was born in 1956. [online] the Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/music/2021/dec/07/he-touched-a-nerve-how-the-first-piece-of-ai-music-was-born-in-1956 [Accessed 16 Jan. 2026]. First uses of ai in music.
IV, A.P. (2023). Grimes Helps Artists Distribute Songs Using Her AI Voice—If They Split Royalties. Here’s How It Works. Forbes. [online] 12 Jun. Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/antoniopequenoiv/2023/06/12/grimes-helps-artists-distribute-songs-using-her-ai-voice–if-they-pay-royalties-heres-how-it-works [Accessed 4 Dec. 2025]. Grimes AI Voice .
Schofield, J. (2011). John McCarthy obituary. [online] The Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2011/oct/25/john-mccarthy [Accessed 28 Nov. 2025]. This Article provides good incites to the theories, and early work of computer scientist John McCarthy.
Sen, A. (2018). Lejaren Hiller – Illinois Distributed Museum. [online] Illinois.edu. Available at: https://distributedmuseum.illinois.edu/exhibit/lejaren-hiller [Accessed 16 Jan. 2026].
Slagle, J. (1961). A Heuristic Program That Solves Symbolic Integration Problems in Freshman Calculus : Symbolic Automatic Integrator (SAINT). [online] dspace.mit.edu. Available at: https://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/11997 [Accessed 28 Nov. 2025]. Artificial intelligence program named SAINT (Symbolic Automatic INTegrator), developed in 1961 by James Robert Slagle for his doctoral dissertation at MIT.