There are 3 different types of mics:
Dynamic microphones-
Advantages– robust building, off-axis rejection, very clear sounds, declines background noise.
Disadvantages– poor high frequency responses (dull sounds), not very sensitive.
Condenser microphones-
Used for- Recording, gaming, streaming, film production and podcasting
Advantages- captures a wider range of frequencies, more sensitive, are smaller, delivers sound with rich details.
Disadvantages- fragile, affected by humidity and temperature levels, limit to maximum signal level it can handle.
Ribbon microphones-
These microphones are rare, expensive and very fragile.
Advantages- can record almost everything including room ambiance.
Disadvantages- can break very easily.
Examples
MC740 Beyerdynamic
- condenser mic
- large diaphragm
- versatile
- 5 switchable polar patterns
- low frequency roll off
Electronics R1
- Ribbon mic
- figure of 8 response
- roll off above 9kHz
- Useful for guitar cabs/room ambiance
Rode NT1A
- Condenser mic
- vocal/acoustic guitar
- £169