JUMP CUTTING
Research objective;
Theory 1; A jump cut is two sequential shots. The camera angle either doesn’t change, or does slightly. The cut can look jarred, meaning it leaves an unpleasant shot. This then makes it look like a mistake. Jump cuts offer an editing solution that does not require shooting multiple camera angles. This means that they don’t have much room to shoot their footage. Therefore, jump cutting is a way to get around that.
(Tayeh, 2019)
Theory 2; Some filmmakers believe that jump cutting isn’t very necessary for filming. As they believe that it looks tacky and ruins the scenes. It also calls attention to the edited parts of the films. Which of course, filmmakers do not always want.
How to use Jump Cuts:
- In a montage
- To increase tension
- When introducing characters
- To accent mental states
- In documentary reviews
(Bedard, 2019)
Theory 3; French illusionist, Georges Méliès accidently discovered jump cutting. This was by seeing his camera jam during the shooting of his short film, ‘The Vanishing Lady’ (1896). He noticed that the buildings and setting stayed the same. However, the people had moved while this was happening, creating a ‘disappearing’ special effect. He then realised that this technique could be used during filming two different time frames all at once.
(MasterClass, 2020)
References;
Tayeh, C. (2019) https://blog.storyblocks.com/video-tutorials/how-and-when-to-use-jump-cut-editing/
Bedard, M. (2020) https://www.studiobinder.com/blog/what-is-a-jump-cut/
MasterClass. (2020) https://www.masterclass.com/articles/how-to-use-jump-cuts-in-film#what-is-a-jump-cut
CROSS CUTTING
A cross-cut is an editing technique used in filmmaking. It is used to cut between one person and another in the same place.
Source 1: The majority of cross cutting is mainly just cuts used to show multiple events happening in multiple locations. The distance between the shots could simple just be the other side of the same room. It can also be as far as another planet.
Lannom SC. (2020)
Source 2: Cross cutting is most commonly used for when a conversation is taking place over the phone between two or more people. The cross cut is where the camera switches back and forth to whoever is speaking at that time. cross cutting can also be used to create suspense for the audience. This is commonly used in hero films, where they have to disarm a bomb. The cross cutting comes in when cutting between the hero racing to the bomb and the clock on the bomb ticking, as the time passes.
Holtz, G. , Kavanaugh T. (Adobe – no date of publish)
Source 3: Cross cutting can be used in 3 ways – to break up long scenes, to keep people guessing, and to continue moving different storylines forward.
Do’s and don’t of cross-cutting:
DO’s: Do consider the purchase of each scene. Do use the cross-cutting techniques to help with pacing.
DON’Ts: Don’t lose track of where everyone is. Don’t cut away in lack of principle way.
Film Editing Pro. (2018)
Sources:
Lannom, SC. (2020): https://www.studiobinder.com/blog/cross-cutting-parallel-editing-definition/
Holtz, G. , Kavanaugh, T. (Adobe – no date of publish): https://www.adobe.com/uk/creativecloud/video/discover/cross-cutting-film.html
Film editing Pro (2018): https://www.filmeditingpro.com/film-editing-techniques-cross-cutting-101/
MATCH CUTTING
Source 1: Match Cutting is where two separate objects are filmed at separate times and are then edited into one shot. The purpose of the match cut is to put the scenes together to make it look like there is two things happening at once.
Types of match cuts: Symbolic. Colour.
Symbolic match cuts: These are used to connect two different shots. when this is done with thought, the scene becomes humorous, dramatic, or existential.
Colour match cuts: This is an edit use din match cutting where it cuts between the same colour. The only way this particular edit is used is for when cutting between a flame and sunrise. It can’t really be used professionally in any other way.
Dunham, B. (2020)
Source 2: There are two steps you MUST remember to do when filming a match cut. These two things are: Creating a world around your character(s). Filming your scene without jarring it everytime that you change your location when filming.
You must film your scene in a way for it to make sense within your chosen storyline. This way it will make sense to your audience as well. If you prepare your shots in a way of pre-production then you will k ow what kind of shots are needed to allow your match cutting to work correctly. If you prepare properly, your editing task will be much easier and straight forward. This is because you will just need to import the correct takes into the software and edit away.
Understanding your different techniques when filming is critical!
Robertson, M.R (2012)
Sources:
Source 1: Dunham, B. (2020): https://www.studiobinder.com/blog/match-cuts-creative-transitions-examples/
Source 2: Robertson, M.R (2012): https://tubularinsights.com/match-cut/